Abstract: The technique of solving differential equations using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) has received extensive attention and application. However, employing neural networks with ...

Abstract: This study presents a state nonparametric identifier based on neural networks with continuous dynamics, also known as differential neural networks (DNNs). The laws for adjusting their ...

Solving an equation means finding the value or values for which the two expressions on each side of the equals sign are equal. One of the most common methods used to solve equations is the balance ...

With increasing freshwater demand and rising water scarcity, reverse osmosis (RO) has become a key method for seawater ...