A single leaked hint exposed the CIA’s most puzzling code. But dozens of the world’s toughest ciphers are still waiting to be ...

The 35-year-old saga of Kryptos, an enigmatic sculpture containing four encrypted messages outside the CIA headquarters, just ...

How does one crack the world’s most famous code? The breakthroughs on Kryptos provide a guided tour through the cat and mouse game between code makers and code breakers that has defined information ...

After a 35-year quest, the final solution to a famous puzzle called Kryptos has been found. Two writers discovered the fourth answer to the code hidden among the Smithsonian Institution’s archives.

Sea ice coverage in the Arctic Ocean is at one of its lowest levels on record, yet there's no unanimity on when that ice will disappear completely during summer months. Understanding the traits and ...

Sea ice was visible in the Arctic Ocean along the coast of Utqiaġvik, Alaska, on Aug. 2, 2024. A tool developed by researchers at Penn State identifies seismic activities linked to different types of ...

Abstract: Generalized low-density parity-check with polar component (GLDPC-PC) codes exhibit promising potential for 6G wireless systems with higher demands on reliability and data rate. The decoding ...

Learn how to implement a classic substitution cipher in C! This step-by-step tutorial walks you through encoding and decoding messages by replacing each letter with another according to a fixed key. A ...

Curious how the Caesar Cipher works? This Python tutorial breaks it down in a simple, beginner-friendly way. Learn how to encode and decode messages using one of the oldest and most famous encryption ...

PDFium's FPDFText_GetUnicode returns unsigned 32-bit integer. Integers ≤ 1114111 are valid Unicode codepoint and can be converted with python in-built chr function. Larger integers are UTF-8 bytes ...

Abstract: Multi-resolution decoding method of Symbol M array surface structured light is studied in this paper, combined with the characteristics of a standard symbol classification and identification ...