Abstract: CMOS circuits are facing the physical limitations of miniaturization and increasing leakage current. We need new circuit technologies that can operate with low power consumption instead of ...

As semiconductor technology pushes the boundaries of scale and complexity, traditional VLSI physical design methodologies are struggling to keep pace. The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), ...

Abstract: This paper presents a comparative design and simulation analysis of fundamental logic gates using CMOS, GDI, and PTL technologies at the 90 nm technology node. Six basic gates—AND, OR, NOT, ...