How does one measure the performance penalty imposed by a compiler and execution environment on a program for using the data abstractions? In this article, I present the Data Abstraction Penalty (DAP) ...

Though type is an extremely important object-oriented concept, it is often overlooked in favor of implementation-centric concerns. Java program development is as much about design as about ...

Imagine you are an expert object-oriented Java developer who meticulously crafts code the way an artist cares for their masterpiece. You believe clean code is an absolute necessity. Classes with clear ...

Separating localized resources from the source code where they are used is a well-known and approved design. Java's ResourceBundle class from the java.util package provides a straightforward way to ...